Listed Buildings and Grades

A listed building is protected because of its special architectural or historic interest. Listing can cover more than the front of the building.

What listing covers

Unless the list entry says otherwise, protection normally covers the whole building, inside and outside. It can also cover attached fixtures, later additions and some structures within the curtilage.

The list description helps identify the building, but it is not necessarily a complete list of every protected feature.

The three grades in England

• Grade I: buildings of exceptional interest.
• Grade II*: particularly important buildings of more than special interest.
• Grade II: buildings of special interest. This is the most common grade.

All three grades are legally protected. A lower grade does not mean changes can be made without checking consent.

Consent and planning permission

Listed building consent is needed for demolition, alteration or extension that affects the building's character as a building of special architectural or historic interest. Planning permission may also be required; the two are separate.

Carrying out work that needed listed building consent without obtaining it first is a criminal offence. Ask the local planning authority if the effect of the work is unclear.

Official guidance

Read Historic England's guidance for listed-building owners.